Satellite-derived sea-ice retreat timing (tR) and maximum chlorophyll-a concentration in the ice edge zone between 1998 and 2018. Sea ice concentration (SIC) was obtained from the National Snow and Ice Data Center. It is based on daily passive microwave radiometry processed using the Bootstrap algorithm (Comiso, 2000) at 25 km resolution. The Bootstrap technique clusters the multichannel passive microwave sensors: Scanning Multi- channel Microwave Radiometer on the Nimbus-7 satellite, Special Sensor Microwave/Imager and Special Sensor Microwave Imager/Sounder from the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program’s satellites, and the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer (Comiso et al., 1997). SIC was interpolated onto the same Chla grid using the nearest neighborhood scheme implemented in Matlab.

Multi-sensor merged clorophyll-a concentration (Chla) Level-3 (i.e., binned and mapped) 8-day composites from the Globcolour Project (http://www.globcolour.info/) were used as a proxy for phytoplankton biomass. Globcolour products have a spa- tial resolution of 4.63 km and cover the 1998–2018 period. The merged product was selected to improve the spatial-temporal coverage diminishing gaps due to cloud cover and sea-ice coverage (Maritorena et al., 2010). The binning methodology combines the normalized water- leaving radiances from different ocean color sensors whenever they are available, which includes SeaWiFS (1998–2010), MODIS-Aqua (2002–2018), Medium- Resolution Imaging Spectrometer (MERIS: 2002–2011), and Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS: 2012–2018). [Chla] was estimated from normalized water-leaving radiances merged using the Garver-Siegel- Maritorena (GSM) semi-analytical model (Garver and Siegel, 1997; Maritorena et al., 2002).

To assess the impacts of sea-ice retreat timing on marginal ice zone phytoplankton blooms (also refers to phytoplankton spring blooms or ice-edge blooms), we analyzed both Chla and SIC variability in parallel. The method is similar to that of Perrette et al. (2011), which was also adopted by Lowry et al. (2014) and Renaut et al. (2018). The sea-ice retreat, tR, is defined as the day at which SIC is below 10% for at least 24 days. This time interval is longer than the 20 days applied by Perrette et al. (2011) and Renaut et al. (2018) and the 14 days by Lowry et al. (2014) because we used 8-day composites instead of daily maps. However, to avoid sub-pixel contamination in ice-infested regions near the ice edge (Be´langer et al., 2013), we opted to be more conservative by applying a 10% threshold on SIC, as did Perrette et al. (2011) and Renaut et al. (2018) instead of 50% as applied by Lowry et al. (2014). The maximum Chla observed in the ice edge zone was extracted for each pixel for each year, yielding one map of MIZ Chla per year.

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Field Value
Dataset Name Sea-ice edge phytoplankton bloom
Dataset General Type Phytoplankton bloom
Dataset Type Dataset
Dataset Level 1.2-CanWIN curated data
Program Website https://umanitoba.ca/earth-observation-science/research/hudson-bay-system-study-baysys
Keyword Vocabulary Polar Data Catalogue
Keyword Vocabulary URL https://www.polardata.ca/pdcinput/public/keywordlibrary
Theme Cryosphere
Marine
Dataset Status Complete
Maintenance and Update Frequency As needed
Dataset Last Revision Date 2021-02-04
Dataset DOI 10.34992/1e0k-4m16
Metadata Creation Date 2022
Publisher CanWIN
Field Value
Dataset Collection Start Date 1998-01-01
Dataset Collection End Date 2021-11-11
Spatial regions Hudson Bay
Spatial extent West Bound Longitude
Spatial extent East Bound Longitude
Spatial extent South Bound Latitude
Spatial extent North Bound Latitude
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Sample Collection
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Analytical Instrument 1
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License Name Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International
Licence Type Open
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Field Value
Dataset Authors
Dataset Authors 1
Name
Barbedo, Lucas
Type of Name
Personal
Email
lucasbarbedo@gmail.com
Affiliation
Université du Québec à Rimouski
ORCID ID
0000-0003-4599-8348
Contributors
Contributors 1
Name
Belanger, Simon
Role
Researcher
Email
Affiliation
Université du Québec à Rimouski
ORCID ID
ORCID
Contributors 2
Name
Tremblay, Jean-Eric
Role
Researcher
Email
Affiliation
Université Laval
ORCID ID
ORCID
Project Data Curator Lucas Barbedo
Project Data Curator email lucasbarbedo@gmail.com
Project Data Curator Affiliation Université du Québec à Rimouski
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