This dataset was collected during a controlled sea ice growth experiment at the Sea-ice Environmental Research Facility (SERF), University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada, from 23:00 on January 12 to 08:40 on January 14, 2017. Over a 33.67-hour period, 405 time-stamped observations were recorded at 5-minute intervals. The dataset captures 13 radar and environmental parameters relevant to sea ice formation and structure, including C-band polarimetric radar backscatter (VV, HH, HV) at a 25° incidence angle, air and surface temperature, humidity, wind speed, cumulative freezing degree moments (CFDM), salinity measurements (surface cover, ice surface, bulk ice), frost flower height, and ice thickness. Radar data were collected using a C-band scatterometer operating at 5.5 GHz with 30° azimuth swaths. Ice thickness ranged from 1 cm to approximately 8 cm, with surface conditions evolving from open water to ice and frost flower coverage. This multivariate time series dataset is suitable for research in sea ice thickness modeling, remote sensing, and environmental monitoring.