Arctic-ICE 2012 Intracellular Nutrients sea ice core dissolved and particulate data Dataset 1.5 Polar Data Catalogue https://www.polardata.ca/pdcinput/public/keywordlibrary Complete As needed 2024-03-06 10.34992/q15a-1e88 2026 CanWIN Mundy, CJ Personal cj.mundy@umanitoba.ca Centre for Earth Observation Science - University of Manitoba 0000-0001-5945-8305 ORCID http://orcid.org/ Gosselin, Michel ProjectMember michel_gosselin@uqar.ca Université du Québec à Rimouski Mundy, CJ cj.mundy@umanitoba.ca Centre for Earth Observation Science - University of Manitoba 2012-05-19 2012-06-08 Metre stick metre stick Snow depth measurements Methods Sea-Bird SBE 19plus V2 conductivity-temperature-depth (CTD) probe Seabird CTD Water column salinity 2-m water depth salinities were extracted from CTD casts. Methods Bran-Luebbe 3 autoanalyzer Nutrient concentration Sample was filtered through pre-combusted (450degC for 5 hr) Whatman GF/F filters using a sterilized syringe. Filtrate was collected in acid-cleaned polyethylene tubes after three rinses with the filtrate, and stored at -20degC until analysis within 6 months using a Bran-Luebbe 3 autoanalyzer (adapted from (Grasshoff et al. 1999)). Samples were analyzed for nitrate+nitrite, phosphate and silicic acid. Samples for Si(OH)4 determination were thawed for at least 24 hr to minimize the issue of silicate polymerization when samples have been stored by freezing (Macdonald et al. 1986). **Bulk ice nutrients** - samples were from ice cores melted without filtered seawater addition. **Water Column** - 2 m water depth **Intracellular Nutrients** - The method used to extract the intracellular nutrient pool was adapted from (Dortch 1982). Within 3 hr of collection, a subsample from the scrape sample was filtered onto a pre-combusted (450°C for 5 h) Whatman GF/F filter within an acid-cleaned filter head mounted on a large Erlenmeyer flask. Once enough material was concentrated on the filter (visible confirmation), vacuum pressure was released and a 60-mL acid-cleaned polyethylene tube, rinsed with boiling reverse osmosis water, was suspended below the filtration head within the Erlenmeyer flask. Then, 40 mL of boiling reverse osmosis water was poured directly into the filter funnel. The water was left for 10 minutes and then vacuum pressure restored and the filtrate was collected in the suspended tube. Following collection of the filtrate, the tube was sealed and placed immediately into the -20degC freezer. Following the above-mentioned protocol, a subsample of the boiling reverse osmosis water was also collected as a blank for every sample day. ** References** 1. Q. Dortch, Effect of growth conditions on accumulation of internal nitrate, ammonium, amino acids, and protein in three marine diatoms. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 61, 243–264 (1982). 2. K. Grasssshoff, K. Kremling, M. Ehrhardt, “Frontmatter” in Methods of Seawater Analysis, (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1999), pp. i–xxxii. 3. R. W. Macdonald, F. A. McLaughlin, C. S. Wong, The storage of reactive silicate samples by freezing. Limnology and Oceanography 31, 1139–1142 (1986). Methods Ice thickness tape Ice sample collection 17 cm) snow covers. Bottom-ice samples were collected from each of these extraction locations using a Kovacs Mark II coring system (9-cm inner diameter) and processed for analysis of i) bottom-ice chlorophyll a concentration (chl a) and community composition, ii) intracellular nutrients and, iii) bottom-ice bulk nutrients. For quantitative measurements of bottom-ice chl a and community composition, up to three ice cores were extracted from each site and the bottom 3 cm were pooled into isothermal containers before melt in 0.2-m filtered seawater (FSW) to limit osmotic shock to the algae during melt processing. The FSW-diluted core solution was melted in the dark over a 15 to 20-hr period. For intracellular nutrient measurements, a bottom-ice scrape sample was collected from 1-3 cores per sampling site depending on visible algal coloration. The scrape procedure used a stainless-steel knife to scrape off the soft skeletal bottom-ice layer, which contained the strongest coloration of algal matter (<0.5 cm), directly into 500 mL of FSW at a temperature near freezing. This technique minimizes stress on algal cells during ice melt processing by: i) maintaining sample salinities similar to growth conditions at the ice-ocean interface, and ii) reducing time of exposure to potentially stressful melt conditions, as all scrape samples were processed within 3 hr of collection. For bulk ice nutrient measurements, the bottom 3 cm of an ice core was collected and placed immediately into a sterile bag (Nasco Whirl-Pak) and then melted over a 15 to 20-hr period in the dark.]]> Methods Niskin sampler Niskin Bottle Water sampling A Niskin sampler was lowered through an ice hole to collect water at a 2-m depth. Methods Field Measurement Cond 330i, WTW Alternative Title 10-005R Turner Designs fluorometer Alternative Title Bulk Ice Salinity **Instrument**: Cond 330i, WTW Melt ice core without filtered seawater dilution and measure salinity at room temperature. Salinity Bottom ice chlorophyll (chl) a concentration **Instrument**: 10-005R Turner Designs fluorometer Melted ice core samples were filtered onto Whatman GF/F glass fiber filters (nominal pore size of 0.7 µm) for analysis of bottom-ice chl a. Filters were placed in 90% acetone for 18 to 24 hr, and the extracted chl a was measured before and after acidification with 5% HCl using a 10-005R Turner Designs fluorometer. All measurements were made with ice core melt using 3:1 filtered seawater dilution and corrected for the dilution. Chl a concentration Algal Taxonomy **Instrument**: Inverted Microscope Melted ice core samples were preserved with acidic Lugol’s solution (Parsons et al. 1984) and stored in the dark at 4°C for later analysis of cell identification and enumeration. Cells > 4 µm were identified to the lowest possible taxonomic rank using inverted microscopy according to (Lund et al. 1958); however, information is only presented on total autotrophic cell abundance and percent contribution of pennate diatoms. All measurements were made with ice core melt using 3:1 filtered seawater dilution and corrected for the dilution. **References:** 1. T. R. Parsons, Y. Maita, C. M. Lalli, A Manual of Chemical and Biological Methods for Seawater Analysis. (Pergamon Press, 1984) https:/doi.org/10.25607/OBP-1830 (March 4, 2024). 2. J. W. G. Lund, C. Kipling, E. D. Le Cren, The inverted microscope method of estimating algal numbers and the statistical basis of estimations by counting. Hydrobiologia 11, 143–170 (1958). Percent contribution of main algal taxa Macronutrient concentrations Sample was filtered through pre-combusted (450degC for 5 hr) Whatman GF/F filters using a sterilized syringe. Filtrate was collected in acid-cleaned polyethylene tubes after three rinses with the filtrate, and stored at -20degC until analysis within 6 months using a Bran-Luebbe 3 autoanalyzer (adapted from (Grasshoff et al. 1999)). Samples were analyzed for nitrate+nitrite, phosphate and silicic acid. Samples for Si(OH)4 determination were thawed for at least 24 hr to minimize the issue of silicate polymerization when samples have been stored by freezing (Macdonald et al. 1986). **Bulk ice nutrients** - samples were from ice cores melted without filtered seawater addition **Water Column** - 2 m water depth **Intracellular Nutrients** - The method used to extract the intracellular nutrient pool was adapted from (Dortch 1982). Within 3 hr of collection, a subsample from the scrape sample was filtered onto a pre-combusted (450°C for 5 h) Whatman GF/F filter within an acid-cleaned filter head mounted on a large Erlenmeyer flask. Once enough material was concentrated on the filter (visible confirmation), vacuum pressure was released and a 60-mL acid-cleaned polyethylene tube, rinsed with boiling reverse osmosis water, was suspended below the filtration head within the Erlenmeyer flask. Then, 40 mL of boiling reverse osmosis water was poured directly into the filter funnel. The water was left for 10 minutes and then vacuum pressure restored and the filtrate was collected in the suspended tube. Following collection of the filtrate, the tube was sealed and placed immediately into the -20degC freezer. Following the abovementioned protocol, a subsample of the boiling reverse osmosis water was also collected as a blank for every sample day. Q. Dortch, Effect of growth conditions on accumulation of internal nitrate, ammonium, amino acids, and protein in three marine diatoms. Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 61, 243–264 (1982). K. Grasssshoff, K. Kremling, M. Ehrhardt, “Frontmatter” in Methods of Seawater Analysis, (John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 1999), pp. i–xxxii. R. W. Macdonald, F. A. McLaughlin, C. S. Wong, The storage of reactive silicate samples by freezing. Limnology and Oceanography 31, 1139–1142 (1986). 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Discovery and Northern Research Supplements NSERC Network Project and Aircraft support ArcticNet NCE Start-up Grant (Mundy) University of Manitoba Logistical Support Polar Continental Shelf Project Online Resource Online Resource resolute 95.25 95.25 74.708 74.708 Marine Nutrients Sea Ice Arctic Ice algae Nutrients Taxonomy IC Nutrients Nutrient availability influences maximum production, speciation, cellular composition, and overall phenology of the Arctic spring ice algal bloom. However, how ice algae obtain nutrients from their environment is not well-understood. Previously documented positive relationships between sea ice nutrient concentrations and algal biomass evidenced that ice algae maintain an intracellular nutrient pool. Here we provide direct evidence that sea ice diatoms store intracellular nitrate+nitrite and silicic acid well above that available in their ambient environment. 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